PRESENT PERFECT AND COMPLEMENTS

Use the present perfect to talk about past actions when we don´t know the exact time: They have visited lots of countries.

FORM

• POSITIVE

*You form the present perfect with have/ has + past participle of the verb:

- I/You/We/They + have + VB past participle + complement...

- She/He/It + has + VB past participle + complement...

• NEGATIVE

*You form the present perfect negative with have/has + not + past participle of the verb:

- I/You/We/They + haven´t (have not) + VB past participle + complement...

- She/He/It + hasn´t (has not) + VB past participle + complement...

• QUESTIONS

*You form questions in the present perfect with have + subject + past participle of the verb:

- Have + I/You/We/They + VB past participle + complement..?

- Has + She/He/It + VB past participle + complement..?

• SHORT ANSWERS

- Yes, I/You/We/They + have

- No, I/You/We/They + haven´t

- Yes, She/He/It + has

- No, She/He/It + hasn´t

COMPLEMENTS

• EVER

*Use the present perfect with ever to ask about an experience in your life:

- Have you ever worked as a volunteer?

• NEVER

*Use the present perfect with never to say you have not done something in your life:

- I have never been in Paris.

• JUST

*Use the present perfect with just to talk about very recent events:

- She has just spent four weeks traveling round America.

• ALREADY

*Use the present perfect with already to talk about actions completed or not:

- They have already finished building the new school.

• YET

*Use the present perfect with yet in questions to ask if an action is completed or not:

- Have you finished your homework yet?

*Use the present perfect with yet in negative sentences to talk about an action that isn´t completed: - I haven´t written my essay yet.